Glimmer Index
Plus $4/mo

GPT-5

OpenAI · Released Aug 7, 2025 · Closed weights

Original GPT-5 workhorse for reasoning, coding, writing, and tool workflows

Strongest at
Coding
Top 41% of the past year's models · 3 of 7 benchmarks
Price per 1M tokens
$1.25 / $10
input / output · OpenAI
Context window
400K
tokens in · 128K out
Since the last one
115 days
after GPT-4.1
Lab announcement ↗Open in the timeline

Capability profile

Scored against 91 models released in the past year. 50 is the average model; further out is better.

This modelGPT-4.1Median of the past year
5090Median of the past yearGPT-4.1Coding: 56 · Top 41%Reasoning: 53 · Better than 35%Math: 51 · Better than 33%Science: 61 · Better than 32%CodingReasoningMathScience
Coding56+20.6Top 41%
Reasoning53+18.0Better than 35%
Math51+16.6Better than 33%
Science61+16.8Better than 32%

No results yet: Writing, Reading & documents, Visual reasoning, Computer use

Where these scores come from

Each capability combines the published benchmarks listed here, rescaled so 50 is the reference average and 15 points is one standard deviation. A hollow dot rests on a single benchmark.

Price against capability

The shaded corner holds anything better and cheaper. Prices blend input and output 3 to 1.

10 models from the past year score higher on Coding for less: DeepSeek V4.1 Flash, Muse Spark 1.3, DeepSeek V3.2 and 7 more.

$0.3$1$3$10020406080Claude Haiku 5.5: 60, $0.2 per 1MMistral Large 4: 56, $2.06 per 1MGemini 4 Argon: 65, $4 per 1MGPT-6.1 Sol: 64, $4 per 1MClaude Sonnet 5.5: 71, $4 per 1MGPT-6 Sol: 62, $4 per 1MGPT-6 Luna: 55, $0.2 per 1MClaude Opus 5.5: 79, $8 per 1MGrok 4.7: 59, $3 per 1MDeepSeek V4.1 Flash: 72, $0.21 per 1MGPT-6 Astra: 73, $20 per 1MMuse Spark 1.3: 69, $2 per 1MGemini 3.8 Flash: 57, $1.5 per 1MClaude Fable 5.1: 85, $20 per 1MGLM-5.3-Flash: 54, $0.24 per 1MDeepSeek V4 Flash Vision Exp: 55, $0.32 per 1MQwen3.8 27B: 60, $1.12 per 1MGLM-5.3: 60, $2.15 per 1MGemini 3.7 Flash: 59, $1.5 per 1MDeepSeek V4 Pro 0813: 49, $0.99 per 1MGrok 4.6: 60, $3 per 1MMuse Spark 1.2: 53, $2 per 1MQwen3.8 Max: 55, $3 per 1MDeepSeek V4 Flash 0731: 38, $0.15 per 1MClaude Opus 5: 69, $10 per 1MGemini 3.6 Flash: 44, $1.5 per 1MGemini 3.5 Flash Lite: 41, $0.85 per 1MKimi K3: 63, $6 per 1MGPT-5.6 Terra: 58, $4.5 per 1MGPT-5.6 Sol: 68, $8 per 1MGPT-5.6 Luna: 56, $0.45 per 1MGrok 4.5: 50, $3 per 1MClaude Sonnet 5: 60, $4 per 1MGLM-5.2: 48, $2.15 per 1MKimi K2.7 Code: 36, $1.71 per 1MClaude Fable 5: 77, $20 per 1MQwen3.7 Plus: 25, $0.7 per 1MClaude Opus 4.8: 62, $10 per 1MQwen3.7 Max: 48, $3.75 per 1MGemini 3.5 Flash: 47, $3.38 per 1MDeepSeek V4 Pro: 41, $1.19 per 1MDeepSeek V4 Flash: 23, $0.18 per 1MGPT-5.5: 58, $11.2 per 1MQwen3.6 27B: 29, $1.35 per 1MKimi K2.6: 52, $1.71 per 1MGrok 4.3: 1, $1.56 per 1MGrok Build 0.1: 29, $1.25 per 1MClaude Opus 4.7: 60, $10 per 1MMuse Spark 1.1: 52, $2 per 1MGLM-5.1: 55, $2.15 per 1MQwen3.6 Plus: 39, $1.12 per 1MGPT-5.4 nano: 36, $0.46 per 1MGPT-5.4 mini: 37, $1.69 per 1MGPT-5.4: 52, $5.62 per 1MGemini 3.1 Pro Preview: 38, $4.5 per 1MClaude Sonnet 4.6: 35, $6 per 1MGLM-5: 52, $1.55 per 1MGPT-5.3 Codex: 56, $4.81 per 1MClaude Opus 4.6: 54, $10 per 1MKimi K2.5: 54, $1 per 1MGemini 3 Flash Preview: 49, $1.12 per 1MGPT-5.2 Codex: 55, $4.81 per 1MGPT-5.2: 57, $4.81 per 1MDeepSeek V3.2: 68, $0.32 per 1MClaude Opus 4.5: 59, $10 per 1MGPT-5.1: 46, $3.44 per 1MGPT-4.1: 36, $3.5 per 1MGPT-5: 56, $3.44 per 1MGPT-5Price per 1M tokens →↑ Coding$1$10020406080Claude Haiku 5.5: 60, $0.2 per 1MMistral Large 4: 56, $2.06 per 1MGemini 4 Argon: 65, $4 per 1MGPT-6.1 Sol: 64, $4 per 1MClaude Sonnet 5.5: 71, $4 per 1MGPT-6 Sol: 62, $4 per 1MGPT-6 Luna: 55, $0.2 per 1MClaude Opus 5.5: 79, $8 per 1MGrok 4.7: 59, $3 per 1MDeepSeek V4.1 Flash: 72, $0.21 per 1MGPT-6 Astra: 73, $20 per 1MMuse Spark 1.3: 69, $2 per 1MGemini 3.8 Flash: 57, $1.5 per 1MClaude Fable 5.1: 85, $20 per 1MGLM-5.3-Flash: 54, $0.24 per 1MDeepSeek V4 Flash Vision Exp: 55, $0.32 per 1MQwen3.8 27B: 60, $1.12 per 1MGLM-5.3: 60, $2.15 per 1MGemini 3.7 Flash: 59, $1.5 per 1MDeepSeek V4 Pro 0813: 49, $0.99 per 1MGrok 4.6: 60, $3 per 1MMuse Spark 1.2: 53, $2 per 1MQwen3.8 Max: 55, $3 per 1MDeepSeek V4 Flash 0731: 38, $0.15 per 1MClaude Opus 5: 69, $10 per 1MGemini 3.6 Flash: 44, $1.5 per 1MGemini 3.5 Flash Lite: 41, $0.85 per 1MKimi K3: 63, $6 per 1MGPT-5.6 Terra: 58, $4.5 per 1MGPT-5.6 Sol: 68, $8 per 1MGPT-5.6 Luna: 56, $0.45 per 1MGrok 4.5: 50, $3 per 1MClaude Sonnet 5: 60, $4 per 1MGLM-5.2: 48, $2.15 per 1MKimi K2.7 Code: 36, $1.71 per 1MClaude Fable 5: 77, $20 per 1MQwen3.7 Plus: 25, $0.7 per 1MClaude Opus 4.8: 62, $10 per 1MQwen3.7 Max: 48, $3.75 per 1MGemini 3.5 Flash: 47, $3.38 per 1MDeepSeek V4 Pro: 41, $1.19 per 1MDeepSeek V4 Flash: 23, $0.18 per 1MGPT-5.5: 58, $11.2 per 1MQwen3.6 27B: 29, $1.35 per 1MKimi K2.6: 52, $1.71 per 1MGrok 4.3: 1, $1.56 per 1MGrok Build 0.1: 29, $1.25 per 1MClaude Opus 4.7: 60, $10 per 1MMuse Spark 1.1: 52, $2 per 1MGLM-5.1: 55, $2.15 per 1MQwen3.6 Plus: 39, $1.12 per 1MGPT-5.4 nano: 36, $0.46 per 1MGPT-5.4 mini: 37, $1.69 per 1MGPT-5.4: 52, $5.62 per 1MGemini 3.1 Pro Preview: 38, $4.5 per 1MClaude Sonnet 4.6: 35, $6 per 1MGLM-5: 52, $1.55 per 1MGPT-5.3 Codex: 56, $4.81 per 1MClaude Opus 4.6: 54, $10 per 1MKimi K2.5: 54, $1 per 1MGemini 3 Flash Preview: 49, $1.12 per 1MGPT-5.2 Codex: 55, $4.81 per 1MGPT-5.2: 57, $4.81 per 1MDeepSeek V3.2: 68, $0.32 per 1MClaude Opus 4.5: 59, $10 per 1MGPT-5.1: 46, $3.44 per 1MGPT-4.1: 36, $3.5 per 1MGPT-5: 56, $3.44 per 1MGPT-5Price per 1M tokens →↑ Coding

OpenAI $1.25 / $10 · OpenRouter $1.25 / $10 · Cached input $0.12

Since GPT-4.1

8 releases in the GPT-5.5 line.

GPT-4Nov 6, 2023189dGPT-4oMay 13, 2024336dGPT-4.1Apr 14, 2025115dGPT-5Aug 7, 202598dGPT-5.1Nov 13, 202528dGPT-5.2Dec 11, 202584dGPT-5.4Mar 5, 2026
Released115 days later
Price in / out$1.25 / $10−2%
Context400Kwas 1.05M
Coding56+20.6
Reasoning53+18.0
Math51+16.6
Science61+16.8

A newer release is out: GPT-5.5.

ECI STANDING#61 of 270
SCORE150.0
FRONTIER LAGLaunched in the leadNothing released before it had scored higher.
SCORES LIKE THESE MODELSKimi K2.7 CodeMoonshot · Jun 2026150.11Claude Opus 4.5Anthropic · Nov 2025150.11Mistral Large 4Mistral AI · Oct 2026150.03GLM-5.1Z.ai (Zhipu AI) · Apr 2026149.82
Full Epoch Capabilities Index ranking ↗

Epoch benchmark boards

Best result on each board it has run. The tick marks the leader.

MATH level 5
98%#1 of 98
Fiction.LiveBench
97%#1 of 58
VPCT
66%#4 of 29
GeoBench
81%#5 of 28
DTBench
91%#42 of 179
WeirdML
61%#35 of 141
OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025
91%#56 of 216
METR Time Horizons
70%#11 of 42
18 more boards
GPQA diamond
86%#68 of 234
DeepResearch Bench
50%#8 of 26
SimpleQA Verified
50%#28 of 85
SimpleBench
57%#34 of 89
Balrog
33%#16 of 39
Terminal Bench
50%#22 of 50
Mystery Game Puzzles
23%#41 of 88
Chess Puzzles
36%#44 of 93
ARC-AGI
66%#51 of 107
ARC-AGI-2
10%#55 of 103
GDPval
35%#6 of 11
FrontierMath-Tiers-1-3-v2-Private
55%#50 of 90
SWE-Bench verified
74%#19 of 32
ProofBench
18%#54 of 81
GSO-Bench
7%#24 of 35
FrontierMath-Tier-4-v2-Private
22%#50 of 72
EBR-bench
13%#22 of 28
Remote Labor Index
2%#13 of 15

OpenAI's past year

24 release days in the past year, about one every 15 days. The next is expected around Nov 8, 2026. Forecasts ↗

NovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNov

More from the lab

Launch announcement · Aug 7, 2025Introducing GPT-5Launch announcement · Aug 7, 2025Introducing GPT-5 for developers

Specifications

RELEASE DATEAug 7, 2025
WEIGHTSClosed weights
CONTEXT WINDOW400K
MAX OUTPUT128K
REASONINGNot listed
TOOL CALLINGNot listed
INPUTStext, image/jpeg, image/png, image/gif, image/webp
OUTPUTStext

Models.dev record ↗

Specifications and prices from Models.dev; availability and limits may differ by provider. Benchmarks from Epoch AI (CC BY 4.0), LiveBench and the other sources named above.